The NVIDIA RTX 4070 is the objective winner of this comparison, securing victory in ten out of thirteen measured specifications. Its most significant technical advantage over the NVIDIA GTX 1080 is its FP16 performance, which is 20721% higher. While the NVIDIA GTX 1080 maintains a 33% lead in memory bus width, the overwhelming superiority of the NVIDIA RTX 4070 across the majority of the evaluated hardware categories establishes it as the more capable component.

Users prioritizing raw computational throughput and modern architectural efficiency should select the NVIDIA RTX 4070 for its massive advantage in FP16 performance. Conversely, the NVIDIA GTX 1080 remains a viable choice for specific applications that rely heavily on a wider memory bus. Buyers should weigh the importance of the memory bus against the substantial performance gains offered by the newer hardware to determine which component best aligns with their specific technical requirements.