The NVIDIA RTX 3070 is the objective winner of this comparison, securing victory in seven out of thirteen evaluated categories. Its most significant technical advantage over the NVIDIA GTX 1080 is its FP16 performance, which is 14407% higher. While the NVIDIA GTX 1080 maintains a lead in power efficiency with an 18% better TDP, the substantial disparity in computational throughput makes the newer card the superior choice for raw processing capability across the majority of measured specifications.

Users prioritizing raw computational power and modern performance should select the NVIDIA RTX 3070 to take advantage of its massive lead in FP16 performance. Conversely, the NVIDIA GTX 1080 remains a viable option for those who specifically require a more power-efficient component, as it holds an 18% advantage in TDP. Your final decision should depend on whether your primary requirement is maximizing processing throughput or minimizing power consumption within your system configuration.