The Intel Arc B580 is the objective winner of this comparison, securing victories in ten out of thirteen measured categories. Its most significant technical advantage is its FP16 performance, which is 19429% better than that of the NVIDIA GTX 1080. This massive disparity in floating-point capability establishes the Intel Arc B580 as the superior component across the vast majority of the evaluated hardware specifications.

Users prioritizing modern computational efficiency and raw floating-point throughput should choose the Intel Arc B580 for its comprehensive spec-based lead. Conversely, the NVIDIA GTX 1080 remains a viable alternative for specific workflows that rely heavily on a wider memory bus, where it maintains a 33% advantage over the Intel card. Selecting between these two components depends on whether your primary requirements favor the broader architectural improvements of the newer hardware or the specific memory bus capacity of the older model.