The NVIDIA RTX 3060 12 GB is the objective winner of this comparison, securing victory in eight out of thirteen measured specifications. Its most significant advantage over the AMD RX 590 is its FP32 performance, which is 79% higher. While the AMD RX 590 maintains a 33% lead in memory bus width, the overall technical superiority of the NVIDIA RTX 3060 12 GB across the majority of categories makes it the more capable component.

Users prioritizing raw computational power should select the NVIDIA RTX 3060 12 GB to take advantage of its superior FP32 performance. Conversely, the AMD RX 590 remains a viable alternative for specific use cases that benefit from its 33% wider memory bus. Choosing between these two components depends on whether your specific workload relies more heavily on the increased memory bus width of the AMD RX 590 or the higher FP32 performance offered by the NVIDIA RTX 3060 12 GB.