The AMD RX 5700 XT is the objective winner of this comparison, securing a lead in seven out of thirteen measured specifications. Its most significant technical advantage over the competition is its FP16 performance, which is 174% better. This substantial lead in processing capability establishes it as the superior component for users prioritizing raw computational power and modern hardware specifications over other considerations.

Users who require the highest available performance should choose the AMD RX 5700 XT to take advantage of its superior FP16 capabilities. Conversely, the AMD RX 590 remains a viable option for budget-conscious buyers, as it holds a 30% advantage in MSRP. Selecting between these two components depends entirely on whether a user prioritizes the significant processing gains offered by the former or the cost-related benefits provided by the latter.