The AMD RX 5700 XT is the objective winner of this comparison, securing a lead in seven out of thirteen measured specifications. Its most significant technical advantage over the alternative is its FP16 performance, which is 216% better. This substantial lead in computational capability establishes the AMD RX 5700 XT as the superior hardware choice based on the provided data, outperforming the AMD RX 580 across the majority of the evaluated categories.

Users prioritizing raw computational power and advanced technical specifications should select the AMD RX 5700 XT for their build. Conversely, the AMD RX 580 remains a viable option for those who prioritize a lower MSRP, as it holds a 50% advantage in that specific category. Choosing between these two components depends entirely on whether the user values the superior FP16 performance of the former or the cost-focused benefit of the latter.