The NVIDIA RTX 5080 is the objective winner of this comparison, securing victories in nine out of thirteen measured fields. Its most significant advantage over the AMD RX 480 is its FP32 performance, which is 865% higher. While the AMD RX 480 maintains a lead in three specific categories, the substantial performance gap in computational throughput establishes the NVIDIA RTX 5080 as the superior hardware option based on the provided technical specifications.

Users prioritizing raw computational power should select the NVIDIA RTX 5080 to leverage its massive advantage in FP32 performance. Conversely, the AMD RX 480 remains the logical choice for buyers focused primarily on the initial MSRP, where it holds an 80% advantage over the alternative. Choosing between these two components depends entirely on whether the user values the significant performance gains of the newer architecture or the cost-efficiency offered by the older model.