The NVIDIA RTX 4090 is the objective winner of this comparison, securing victory in ten out of thirteen measured fields. Its most significant technical advantage is its FP32 performance, which is 1316% better than that of the AMD RX 480. While the latter component holds a lead in three specific categories, the sheer scale of the performance gap in floating-point operations establishes the former as the superior hardware option based on the provided specifications.

Users prioritizing maximum computational power should select the NVIDIA RTX 4090 to leverage its massive advantage in FP32 performance. Conversely, the AMD RX 480 is the appropriate choice for buyers who prioritize the MSRP, where it maintains an 88% advantage over the alternative. Choosing between these two components depends entirely on whether your primary requirement is the highest possible technical output or the most favorable initial cost as defined by the manufacturer's suggested retail price.